Omega-3 Fatty Acids (EPA/DHA)

Category: compound

Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. EPA and DHA from fish oil are the most studied forms.

Mechanism Detail

EPA and DHA incorporate into cell membranes, modulating fluidity and receptor function. They serve as precursors for specialized pro-resolving mediators (resolvins, protectins, maresins) that actively resolve inflammation. DHA is critical for neuronal membrane integrity and synaptic function. EPA inhibits NF-κB and reduces pro-inflammatory eicosanoid production.

Clinical Status

VITAL trial showed reduced cancer mortality. REDUCE-IT showed cardiovascular benefit of high-dose EPA. Multiple Alzheimer's trials with mixed results (may benefit early-stage). Generally safe at recommended doses.

Relevant Diseases

Relevant Therapies

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