Sulforaphane
Category: compound
An isothiocyanate from cruciferous vegetables (especially broccoli sprouts) that activates Nrf2 antioxidant defense and has anti-cancer properties.
Mechanism Detail
Sulforaphane activates the Nrf2-ARE pathway by modifying Keap1 cysteine residues, releasing Nrf2 to translocate to the nucleus and upregulate Phase II detoxification enzymes (NQO1, HO-1, GST). It also inhibits HDAC enzymes (epigenetic modulation), induces cancer cell apoptosis, and reduces neuroinflammation.
Clinical Status
Multiple clinical trials for cancer prevention (prostate, breast). Broccoli sprout extract standardized to sulforaphane content. Well-tolerated. Bioavailability enhanced by myrosinase co-administration.
Relevant Diseases
- Stage IV Cancer
- Alzheimer's Disease
Relevant Therapies
- Nutraceuticals
Related Terms
- Nrf2
- Phase II enzymes
- HDAC inhibitor
- Cruciferous vegetables