Urolithin A for Parkinson's Disease
Also known as: UA, Mitopure
PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway is directly disrupted in familial PD, making urolithin A's mitophagy activation particularly relevant.
Mechanism of Action
Urolithin A activates PINK1/Parkin mitophagy even in cells with partial PINK1/Parkin loss-of-function (common in PD). It clears α-synuclein-damaged mitochondria, reduces mitochondrial ROS in dopaminergic neurons, and supports overall mitochondrial quality control.
General mechanism: Gut microbiome metabolite from ellagitannins. PINK1/Parkin mitophagy activator, AMPK activator, mTORC1 inhibitor.
Current Evidence
Strong mechanistic rationale for PINK1/Parkin PD. Preclinical models show dopaminergic neuroprotection. Human studies for PD are in planning stages.
Clinical Status: Preclinical positive for PD. Human mitochondrial biomarker data from aging trials.
Safety Profile
Very safe. Naturally derived from pomegranate/ellagitannin metabolism. Well-tolerated in clinical trials.
Key Research Questions
- Can UA compensate for partial PINK1/Parkin loss in familial PD?
- Does UA-enhanced mitophagy slow PD progression?