Glutathione (GSH) for Stage IV Cancer
Also known as: GSH, L-Glutathione, Reduced glutathione
GSH plays complex dual roles in cancer — protecting normal tissue from chemotherapy damage while potentially protecting tumors.
Mechanism of Action
GSH in normal cells protects against chemotherapy-induced oxidative damage (nephroprotection, neuroprotection). However, elevated tumor GSH can confer treatment resistance. Strategic timing of GSH supplementation — before/after but not during chemotherapy — may optimize benefit.
General mechanism: Tripeptide antioxidant (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine). Master cellular redox regulator, detoxification conjugate, immune modulator.
Current Evidence
Clinical evidence supports GSH for reducing cisplatin neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity when given after infusion. Timing-dependent approach may avoid tumor protection.
Clinical Status: Used clinically for chemoprotection with timing protocols.
Safety Profile
Very safe. Poor oral bioavailability (IV, liposomal, intranasal preferred). No significant side effects at therapeutic doses.
Key Research Questions
- What is the optimal timing of GSH relative to chemotherapy?
- Can GSH depletion strategies sensitize resistant tumors?